Ischemia-reperfusion injury is a type of tissue damage that occurs when blood flow is temporarily blocked (ischemia) and then restored (reperfusion). This phenomenon can happen in various medical conditions such as stroke, heart attack, organ transplantation, and trauma. During the ischemic phase, cells are deprived of oxygen and nutrients, leading to cellular dysfunction and death. When blood flow is restored, it can trigger inflammation and oxidative stress, further damaging the tissue. Researchers study ischemia-reperfusion injury to understand its underlying mechanisms and develop strategies to prevent or minimize damage in clinical situations. This research area is important for improving outcomes in conditions involving ischemia and reperfusion, and for developing new treatment options.